TWO OPERATING
MODES
The grid decides which mode applies. Together, Mode A and Mode B deliver continuous hourly coverage across every dispatch cycle.
Clean corridor, direct delivery.
When the grid corridor between generator and buyer is uncongested, Mode A confirms the physical path exists and can carry the energy. No curtailment needed.
PTDF (Power Transfer Distribution Factor) binding evidences that, given the grid topology and congestion state at that hour, the electrons generated at the source could be physically delivered to the buyer's point of interconnection.
Mode A: 7 Verification Steps
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1
PTDF Binding
Transmission path verification via Power Transfer Distribution Factors. The TSO PTDF row confirms the physical flow path from generator to buyer.
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2
LME Attribution
Locational Marginal Emissions analysis identifies which generator was displaced. accredited third-party LME providers (US) or DSEE (EU) returns the counterfactual emissions factor.
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3
Infrastructure Verification
Path traced from source through substations to buyer POI. Confirms the physical infrastructure connecting generator and consumer is intact and operational.
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4
Constraint Check
Confirms no transmission blockage between generator and buyer. If the corridor is congested, the system escalates to Mode B.
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5
PIN + PQC Signing
Physical Integrity Node signs the verification bundle with CRYSTALS-Dilithium post-quantum signatures. Tamper-proof from the moment of creation.
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6
Hedera Anchoring
Signed proof anchored on Hedera Guardian ledger (HCS + HTS). Immutable, publicly verifiable, any auditor can independently verify the claim.
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7
Third-party verification
Evidence pack designed for audit by an accredited signer (ISAE 3000 reasonable-assurance path) or an ISO 14065 validation body. Continuous on-chain evidence supports, rather than replaces, the attestation.
Congested corridor, flex curtailment.
When grid physics block direct delivery, Mode B activates. Flex loads upstream of the congested corridor curtail on signal, freeing PTDF-weighted headroom so renewables physically reach the client.
This mode requires the full Hepta-Validation sensor stack plus the Opportunity Cost Oracle to prove that curtailment was a genuine economic sacrifice.
Mode B: All Mode A (steps 1-7) + 3 Additional Layers
Steps 1-4: All Mode A verification checks apply
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8
Hepta-Validation
7-layer forensic sensor stack fires a burst across all physics domains: Electrical, Thermal, Magnetic+Freq, Acoustic, Spatial, Emissions. Layers 1-6 of the sensor array.
EXPLORE HEPTA-V → -
9
Causal Dispatch Proof
TSO merit-order log + PTDF relief matrix + flex SCADA telemetry. Proves that curtailment caused the corridor to clear and renewables to flow.
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10
Opportunity Cost Oracle
Economic sacrifice proof. Layer 07 confirms the operator had a genuine profit motive to continue and chose to curtail at real financial cost.
EXPLORE ORACLE →
Blended annual cost.
Standard operational window. Corridor is clear, PTDF path verified, clean generation flows directly to buyer. Low cost because no curtailment is needed.
Scarcity pricing window. Corridor congested, flex loads curtail upstream. Full Hepta-Validation + Oracle required. High cost reflects genuine economic sacrifice.
The 24-hour dispatch cycle.
Every 24-hour period is divided into hourly dispatch intervals. The grid's congestion state determines whether each hour is certified under Mode A or Mode B. The protocol makes this determination automatically based on real-time TSO data.
During a typical day, most hours fall under Mode A (corridor clear). Congestion events, typically occurring during peak demand or wind/solar intermittency, trigger Mode B for the affected hours. Together, the two modes ensure every hour of every day is covered.
See it in action.
Explore how Mode A and Mode B serve different verticals, or contact us to discuss a pilot deployment for your organization.